Normal sulcus depth in the dog is 50% or furcation 3 exposure Probing provides a practical way of assessing periodontal health or disease. Periodontal probing with a blunt-ended probe measures the depth of the gingival sulcus or pocket. Periodontal probing and charting: As periodontitis is a disease of the periodontium and involves the loss of periodontal attachment to the tooth, the only way to assess this loss is by assessing the extent of disease (by probing and radiography) and recording this information. It will not be long before this trend takes over from analogue systems in the veterinary dental field. There is an increasing uptake of digital radiography in human dentistry also. Useful inclusions: Chair-side developer with rapid developer/fixer, ideally radiographic viewing box.ĭigital radiography has already started to replace screen film/darkroom processing in many veterinary teaching universities in Australia. Dental X-ray equipment: non-screen dental films, film clips for handling, and envelopes for radiographic storage or you can digitalise radiographs for storage on computer hard drive.
The dental X-ray unit can be mobile or fixed to a wall to allow radiographs to be taken directly at the workbench. Protective eyewear with or without magnificationĭental radiography can be performed with a general X-ray unit, but a dental X-ray unit is preferred. Periodontal probe with graduations up to 10 mm sickle explorer other end There can be variable amounts of plaque and calculus present, although as a general rule, the more plaque and calculus covering the tooth surface, the more severe the disease. There may also be areas with gingival recession, furcation exposures (in multirooted teeth) or purulent discharge from periodontal pockets. On visual inspection, an animal with periodontal disease may show evidence of gingival swelling, redness and altered gingival contour around the teeth. Inspection of the intraoral structures should follow, including the hard and soft tissues with the focus on the dentition, gingiva, mucosa, tongue, tonsils and occlusion.
The oral examination will include inspection and palpation of the extraoral structures, including the face, lips, and muscles of mastication temporomandibular joints salivary glands lymph nodes maxillae and mandibles and looking for swelling, atrophy or asymmetry. This should always include a thorough clinical examination of other organ systems before the oral examination begins. A systematic approach is necessary when diagnosing oral pathology in the dog and cat.
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